Prasterone

INDICATIONS AND USAGE INTRAROSA ® is a steroid indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause. INTRAROSA ® is a steroid indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause. ( 1 )

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Administer one INTRAROSA vaginal insert once daily at bedtime, using the provided applicator. One vaginal insert, once daily at bedtime. ( 2 )

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Current or Past History of Breast Cancer. ( 5.1 ) 5.1 Current or Past History of Breast Cancer Estrogen is a metabolite of prasterone. Use of exogenous estrogen is contraindicated in women with a known or suspected history of breast cancer. INTRAROSA has not been studied in women with a history of breast cancer. 5.1 Current or Past History of Breast Cancer Estrogen is a metabolite of prasterone. Use of exogenous estrogen is contraindicated in women with a known or suspected history of breast cancer. INTRAROSA has not been studied in women with a history of breast cancer.

CONTRAINDICATIONS Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding: Any postmenopausal woman with undiagnosed, persistent or recurring genital bleeding should be evaluated to determine the cause of the bleeding before consideration of treatment with INTRAROSA. Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding. ( 4 )

ADVERSE REACTIONS In four 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials, the most common adverse reaction with an incidence ≥ 2 percent was vaginal discharge. ( 6.1 ) In one 52-week open-label clinical trial, the most common adverse reactions with an incidence ≥ 2 percent were vaginal discharge and abnormal Pap smear. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Millicent U.S. Inc at 1-877-810-2101 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In four (4) placebo-controlled, 12-week clinical trials [91% - White Caucasian non-Hispanic women, 7% - Black or African American women, and 2% - "Other" women, average age 58.8 years of age (range 40 to 80 years of age)], vaginal discharge is the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse reaction in the INTRAROSA treatment group with an incidence of ≥ 2 percent and greater than reported in the placebo treatment group. There were 38 cases in 665 participating postmenopausal women (5.71 percent) in the INTRAROSA treatment group compared to 17 cases in 464 participating postmenopausal women (3.66 percent) in the placebo treatment group. In a 52-week non-comparative clinical trial [92% - White Caucasian non-Hispanic women, 6% - Black or African American women, and 2% - "Other" women, average age 57.9 years of age (range 43 to 75 years of age)], vaginal discharge and abnormal Pap smear at 52 weeks were the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse reaction in women receiving INTRAROSA with an incidence of ≥ 2 percent. There were 74 cases of vaginal discharge (14.2 percent) and 11 cases of abnormal Pap smear (2.1 percent) in 521 participating postmenopausal women. The eleven (11) cases of abnormal Pap smear at 52 weeks include one (1) case of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and ten (10) cases of atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In four (4) placebo-controlled, 12-week clinical trials [91% - White Caucasian non-Hispanic women, 7% - Black or African American women, and 2% - "Other" women, average age 58.8 years of age (range 40 to 80 years of age)], vaginal discharge is the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse reaction in the INTRAROSA treatment group with an incidence of ≥ 2 percent and greater than reported in the placebo treatment group. There were 38 cases in 665 participating postmenopausal women (5.71 percent) in the INTRAROSA treatment group compared to 17 cases in 464 participating postmenopausal women (3.66 percent) in the placebo treatment group. In a 52-week non-comparative clinical trial [92% - White Caucasian non-Hispanic women, 6% - Black or African American women, and 2% - "Other" women, average age 57.9 years of age (range 43 to 75 years of age)], vaginal discharge and abnormal Pap smear at 52 weeks were the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse reaction in women receiving INTRAROSA with an incidence of ≥ 2 percent. There were 74 cases of vaginal discharge (14.2 percent) and 11 cases of abnormal Pap smear (2.1 percent) in 521 participating postmenopausal women. The eleven (11) cases of abnormal Pap smear at 52 weeks include one (1) case of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and ten (10) cases of atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS).

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action Prasterone is an inactive endogenous steroid and is converted into active androgens and/or estrogens. The mechanism of action of INTRAROSA in postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy is not fully established. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics In a study conducted in postmenopausal women, administration of the INTRAROSA vaginal insert once daily for 7 days resulted in a mean prasterone C max and area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC 0-24 ) at Day 7 of 4.4 ng/mL and 56.2 ng·h/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the group treated with placebo (Table 1). The C max and AUC 0-24 of the metabolites testosterone and estradiol were also slightly higher in women treated with the INTRAROSA vaginal insert compared to those receiving placebo. Table 1. C max and AUC 0-24 of Prasterone, Testosterone, and Estradiol on Day 7 Following Daily Administration of Placebo or INTRAROSA (mean ± SD). 1: N=8 Placebo (N=9) INTRAROSA (N=10) Prasterone C max (ng/mL) 1.60 (±0.95) 4.42 (±1.49) AUC 0-24 (ng·h/mL) 24.82 (±14.31) 56.17 (±28.27) Testosterone C max (ng/mL) 0.12 (±0.04) 1 0.15 (±0.05) AUC 0-24 (ng·h/mL) 2.58 (±0.94) 1 2.79 (±0.94) Estradiol C max (pg/mL) 3.33 (±1.31) 5.04 (±2.68) AUC 0-24 (pg·h/mL) 66.49 (±20.70) 96.93 (±52.06) Figure 1. Serum Concentrations of Prasterone (A), Testosterone (B), and Estradiol (C) Measured Over a 24h Period on Day 7 Following Daily Administration of Placebo or INTRAROSA (mean ± SD). In two primary efficacy trials, daily administration of INTRAROSA vaginal insert for 12 weeks increased mean serum C trough of prasterone and its metabolites testosterone and estradiol by 47%, 21% and 19% from baseline, respectively. This comparison based on C trough may underestimate the magnitude of increase in prasterone and metabolites’ exposure because it does not take into account the overall concentration-time profile following administration of INTRAROSA. Metabolism Exogenous prasterone is metabolized in the same manner as endogenous prasterone. Human steroidogenic enzymes such as hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, 5α-reductases and aromatases transform prasterone into androgens and estrogens. Figure 1 12.1 Mechanism of Action Prasterone is an inactive endogenous steroid and is converted into active androgens and/or estrogens. The mechanism of action of INTRAROSA in postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy is not fully established. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics In a study conducted in postmenopausal women, administration of the INTRAROSA vaginal insert once daily for 7 days resulted in a mean prasterone C max and area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC 0-24 ) at Day 7 of 4.4 ng/mL and 56.2 ng·h/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the group treated with placebo (Table 1). The C max and AUC 0-24 of the metabolites testosterone and estradiol were also slightly higher in women treated with the INTRAROSA vaginal insert compared to those receiving placebo. Table 1. C max and AUC 0-24 of Prasterone, Testosterone, and Estradiol on Day 7 Following Daily Administration of Placebo or INTRAROSA (mean ± SD). 1: N=8 Placebo (N=9) INTRAROSA (N=10) Prasterone C max (ng/mL) 1.60 (±0.95) 4.42 (±1.49) AUC 0-24 (ng·h/mL) 24.82 (±14.31) 56.17 (±28.27) Testosterone C max (ng/mL) 0.12 (±0.04) 1 0.15 (±0.05) AUC 0-24 (ng·h/mL) 2.58 (±0.94) 1 2.79 (±0.94) Estradiol C max (pg/mL) 3.33 (±1.31) 5.04 (±2.68) AUC 0-24 (pg·h/mL) 66.49 (±20.70) 96.93 (±52.06) Figure 1. Serum Concentrations of Prasterone (A), Testosterone (B), and Estradiol (C) Measured Over a 24h Period on Day 7 Following Daily Administration of Placebo or INTRAROSA (mean ± SD). In two primary efficacy trials, daily administration of INTRAROSA vaginal insert for 12 weeks increased mean serum C trough of prasterone and its metabolites testosterone and estradiol by 47%, 21% and 19% from baseline, respectively. This comparison based on C trough may underestimate the magnitude of increase in prasterone and metabolites’ exposure because it does not take into account the overall concentration-time profile following administration of INTRAROSA. Metabolism Exogenous prasterone is metabolized in the same manner as endogenous prasterone. Human steroidogenic enzymes such as hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, 5α-reductases and aromatases transform prasterone into androgens and estrogens. Figure 1